Penulis : Glass Helmet Protect Soldiers from blast
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Glass Helmet Protect Soldiers from blast
Glass Helmet Protect Soldiers from blast
Military helmet used today still provide access for power blast to penetrate through the face. Adding the visor on the helmet military standards, could help protect soldiers from the brain injury.
Standard Army helmet - Photo: FreeFoto
New research that models how shock waves (shock wave) through the head finds that adding a face shield can deflect a blast if a substantial portion will be unprotected smoothly reaching the brain.
This study is part of a large number of new research to stop traumatic brain injury. An estimated 1.5 million Americans suffer from mild traumatic brain injury each year, and nearly 200,000 soldiers diagnosed with the injury since 2000, according to the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center in Silver Spring, Maryland. Although the direct impingement like banging my head clearly can injure the brain, which took power when explosives send shock waves through the head is more difficult to characterize.
In the study, researchers led by Raúl Radovitzky of MIT's Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies created a detailed computer model of the human head, including the layer of fat and skin, skull, and various types of brain tissue. The team modeled the shock wave of an explosion that was detonated right in front of the face in three conditions: with the head bare, protected by a helmet which is now used in battle, and is protected by a helmet with an additional polycarbonate face shield.
The results showed that the helmets used today by the military did not exacerbate the damage, as indicated by several previous studies. However, at least in terms of explosion protection, the helmet did not help much. The addition of a face shield would fix some of the problems, according to the team's report.
"Protective face many perperan in deflecting power of the blast wave and not let it directly touch the soft tissue," said Radovitzky. "We are not saying that this is the best design for a face shield, but we said we need to protect the face."
To validate the model, the researchers at MIT and elsewhere have also conducted experiments in the real world. However, the work suggests major flaws in the helmet in use today.
"This helmet is not designed to stop the pressure wave and is not designed to stop a bullet," said Albert King, who is director of the Bioengineering Center at Wayne State University in Detroit. "Just like American football helmets are not designed to stop concussions but to stop skull fracture or cracking."
Designing a blast-resistant helmet requires a better knowledge of what happens in the brain when swept by the blast. The soldiers often describe having a blast of wind or wave that makes them look at the stars. "I have a headache," is a common statement heard.
Traumatic brain injury "mild" as a result, does not cause long-term loss of consciousness, and brain scans showed normal results. However, labels this injury as minor injuries is a misnomer, says Douglas Smith, who is director of the Center for Brain Injury and Repair at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
"It is not light; terminology that led people astray," said Smith. "It is something serious that can cause severe dysfunction."
Smith and his colleagues working on a sensor that could be placed in the helmet or vehicle and such radiation detection equipment used by workers at the nuclear plant would indicate exposure to power blast can cause brain injury. The sensor is described in a paper to be published in NeuroImage.
Although a sensor indicating exposure to power the explosion, it remains unclear how exactly power is causing brain trauma. In everyday conditions, the brain can easily withstand a little collision. "Drop yourself into the seat then your brain will shake like jelly gel," said Smith. But in a very high speed, the brain cells instead of loosened but can crack and break like glass.
Long-term effects of brain cells damaged is largely unknown. In addition to chronic headaches, dizziness and difficulty remembering words, research shows that when the brain is lame though only a few minutes, tends to cause depression.
Scott Matthews, who is a psychiatrist at the University of California, San Diego, who studies mild traumatic brain injury in veterans, noting that causality can not be ascertained. However, in the soldiers who were involved in the battle, he sees depression twice as often in people with traumatic brain injury.
"There is increasing evidence that the loss of consciousness can change the brain," said Matthews.
Dismantling the causes and effects and to design experiments to explain the traumatic brain injury and remains extremely challenging due to the bad. Anyway significant translate these findings into meaningful policy can be just as difficult. Even something as simple as implementing a helmet with a face shield has a problem, says Smith.
"How do you deploy something like that?" he said. "There are practical things like temperature issues and then there are the wishes of the soldiers can meet and greet in the countryside without looking like outer space."
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